AB Ülkelerinde Yapay Zekâ Tabanlı Sürdürülebilirlik: Yapay Zekâ İnovasyonları, İnsan Sermayesi ve Karbon Verimliliği Üzerine Kantil Regresyon Analizi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63556/tisej.2025.1534Anahtar Kelimeler:
Karbon Verimliliği- İnsan Sermayesi- Yapay Zeka- Kantil Regresyon- Avrupa BirliğiÖzet
Bu çalışma, Avrupa Birliği (AB) ülkelerinde yapay zekâ (YZ) inovasyonlarının ve insan sermayesinin karbon verimliliği üzerindeki heterojen etkilerini incelemekte, özellikle yükseköğretim ve veri okuryazarlığı gibi değişkenlerin aracılık rollerine odaklanmaktadır. 2000–2023 dönemini kapsayan, 27 AB ülkesine ait dengesiz panel veri seti kullanılarak yapılan analizde, karbon verimliliğinin koşullu dağılımı boyunca farklılıkları yakalayabilmek amacıyla kantil regresyon yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, anlamlı doğrusal olmayan ilişkileri ortaya koymaktadır: YZ inovasyonları, düşük kantilde (Q25) karbon verimliliğini olumlu yönde etkilerken, üst kantillerde (Q75 ve Q90) bu etkinin negatife döndüğü görülmektedir; bu durum azalan getiriler olasılığına işaret etmektedir. Benzer şekilde, yükseköğretim yalnızca alt kantillerde karbon verimliliğini artırırken, YZ ve eğitim etkileşim terimi dağılımın üst ucunda anlamlı ve pozitif hale gelmekte, bu da yüksek performanslı bağlamlarda tamamlayıcı bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Buna karşın, YZ ve veri okuryazarlığı arasındaki etkileşim 75. yüzdelik dilime kadar negatif ve anlamlı kalmakta, bu da dijital becerilerin tek başına teknolojik ilerlemenin çevresel verimliliğe dönüşmesi için yeterli olmayabileceğini ima etmektedir. Bu bulgular, özellikle karbon verimliliğini artırmayı hedefleyen ekonomilerde, teknolojik gelişimi desteklerken insan sermayesi temellerini de güçlendirmeye yönelik uyarlanmış yeşil-dijital politika stratejilerinin önemini vurgulamaktadır.
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