Kavramsal ve Modelsel Açıdan ‘Sosyal Uyum’ ve ‘Toplumsal Bütünleşme’: Türkiye-Almanya İncelemesi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63556/tisej.2025.1597Anahtar Kelimeler:
zorunlu göç- sosyal uyum- toplumsal bütünleşme- uyum politikaları- entegrasyon programlarıÖzet
Bu çalışma, zorunlu göç bağlamında sosyal uyum ve sosyal entegrasyon kavramlarının karşılaştırmalı bir analizini sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Odak noktası, Türkiye ve Almanya’nın göç ve entegrasyon politikalarıdır. Bir derleme makalesi olarak, akademik literatür, hukuki düzenlemeler ve politika belgeleri sistematik biçimde incelenmiş; her iki ülkenin yoğun göçmen nüfuslarının entegrasyonunda karşılaştıkları zorluklara yönelik yaklaşımları değerlendirilmiştir. Türkiye ile Almanya’nın seçilme nedeni, farklı yönetişim modellerini temsil etmeleridir. Türkiye’nin merkeziyetçi ve daha çok tepkisel politik yönelimi ile Almanya’nın federal, uzun vadeli ve yapısal stratejileri, göç yönetimindeki temel ayrımları ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmada, Türkiye’nin geçici koruma rejimi çerçevesinde kısa vadeli sosyal uyuma öncelik verdiği; buna karşılık Almanya’nın federal işbirliğine dayalı programlarla yapısal entegrasyonu vurguladığı ileri sürülmektedir. Ayrıca, iki ülkenin sosyal uyum politikalarının toplumsal ilişkiler ve kurumlar üzerindeki etkileri tartışılmış; göç politikalarının sosyal dönüşüme katkıları ele alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda, hukuki düzenlemeler ve uygulamalar karşılaştırmalı biçimde değerlendirilerek, farklı yönetişim bağlamlarının sosyal uyum ve entegrasyon politikalarının etkinliğini nasıl şekillendirdiğine dair nüanslı bir perspektif sunulmuştur.
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