Deprem Sonrası Atık Yönetimi Politikalarının Ekonomik Boyutları: Sürdürülebilirlik Temelli Karar Verme Yaklaşımlarıyla Modelleme ve Uygulama Önerileri
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63556/tisej.2025.1602Anahtar Kelimeler:
Çevresel Ekonomi- Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma- Etkili Q-bulanık esnek kümeÖzet
Depremler gibi büyük ölçekli doğal afetler, etkili bir şekilde yönetilmediğinde, uzun vadeli çevresel, ekonomik ve halk sağlığı açısından ciddi tehditler oluşturan büyük miktarda atığın ortaya çıkmasına neden olmaktadır. Deprem sonrası moloz yönetimi üzerine çeşitli çalışmalar yapılmış olsa da, özellikle sürdürülebilirlik, sıfır atık ve döngüsel ekonomi perspektiflerinden afet sonrası iyileşme süreçlerine etkisi konusunda literatürde önemli bir boşluk bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, 2008 Sichuan ve 2023 Türkiye-Suriye depremlerini karşılaştırmalı olarak inceleyerek, afet atık yönetiminde sürdürülebilir uygulamaların rolünü değerlendirmeyi; geri dönüşüm odaklı stratejiler, dayanıklı yapılaşma politikaları ve ulusal atık yönetimi standartları yoluyla toplumsal ve ekolojik etkilerin azaltılmasına katkı sağlayacak en uygun yönetim modelinin belirlenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Ancak bu bağlamda karar verme süreci, çoklu kriterler ve alternatifler nedeniyle oldukça karmaşık hale gelmektedir. Bu nedenle, depreme eğilimli bölgelerde sürdürülebilir afet yönetimi politikalarının ve döngüsel ekonomi temelli moloz yönetimi uygulamalarının geliştirilmesi; çevre sorunlarına entegre, karşılaştırmalı ve çok kriterli analizlere dayalı yeni karar alma yaklaşımlarının benimsenmesini gerektirmektedir. Bu şekilde, afetler sonucu oluşan büyük miktardaki atığın daha etkin şekilde yönetilmesi mümkün olacak, çevresel tahribat en aza indirilecek ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefleriyle uyumlu bir iyileşme süreci desteklenecektir.
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