Anne İstihdamı, Sosyal Harcamalar ve Çocuk Obezite Prevalansı Arasındaki İlişki: OECD Ülkeleri Analizi

Yazarlar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63556/tisej.2026.1776

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Anne İstihdamı- Çocukluk Dönemi Obezitesi- OECD Ülkeleri- Panel Veri Analizi- Sosyal Harcamalar

Özet

Bu çalışma, 2006-2021 dönemini kapsayan 25 OECD ülkesine ait panel veri kullanılarak, sabit etkiler modeli aracılığıyla anne istihdamının 5-9 yaş aralığındaki çocuklarda obezite prevalansı üzerindeki etkisini ve aileye yönelik sosyal harcamaların bu ilişkideki düzenleyici (moderatör) rolünü incelemektedir. Öncelikle anne istihdamı ile çocuk obezite prevalansı arasındaki ilişki kontrol değişkenleri (kadınların yükseköğretim mezun oranı, kentleşme, genç bağımlılık oranı, annelerin doğumdaki ortalama yaşı, kişi başına GSYH ve aileye yönelik sosyal harcamalar) dahil edilerek sabit etkiler modeliyle analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, anne istihdamının tek başına hem kız hem erkek çocukları obezite prevalansı üzerinde istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığını göstermiştir. Ardından, anne istihdamı ile aileye yönelik sosyal harcamalar arasında etkileşim terimi modele eklenmiş ve analiz tekrarlanmıştır. Etkileşim teriminin her iki cinsiyet için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve negatif işarete sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Bu önemli bulgu, anne istihdamının etkisinin yönü ve büyüklüğünün aileye yönelik kamu harcamalarının düzeyine duyarlı olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Diğer bir ifadeyle, 25 ülke örnekleminde sosyal harcamalar anne istihdamının çocuk obezitesi üzerindeki etkisini azaltıcı yönde düzenlemektedir. Bulgular marjinal etki analizi ve marjin grafikleri ile de desteklenmektedir. Kız çocuklarında kamu sosyal harcamaları arttıkça anne istihdamının obeziteyi azaltıcı etkisi güçlenmektedir. Bu etki belirgindir ve istatistiki olarak anlamlıdır. Kamu sosyal harcama düzeyi arttıkça anne istihdamı erkek çocuklarında obeziteyi azaltıcı bir etki yaratmakla beraber bu etki kız çocuklarına kıyasla daha zayıf ve istatistiki olarak daha düşük anlamlılığa sahiptir. Çalışma, anne istihdamı ve çocuk obezitesi arasındaki ilişkinin tek boyutlu olarak değerlendirilmemesi gerektiğini, sosyal politika araçlarının bu ilişkinin seyrinde önemli bir rol oynadığını göstermesi bakımından önemlidir. Sonuç olarak, çocuk bakımına yönelik yatırımların, ebeveyn izinlerinin ve aile dostu işgücü piyasası düzenlemelerinin çocuk obezitesine karşı koruyucu rol oynayabileceği ortaya konulmaktadır.

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Yayınlanmış

20-03-2026

Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

DOĞRUL, H. G. (2026). Anne İstihdamı, Sosyal Harcamalar ve Çocuk Obezite Prevalansı Arasındaki İlişki: OECD Ülkeleri Analizi . Üçüncü Sektör Sosyal Ekonomi Dergisi, 61(1), 617–643. https://doi.org/10.63556/tisej.2026.1776

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